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Quantum dynamical semigroup : ウィキペディア英語版
Quantum dynamical semigroup
In quantum mechanics, and especially the theory of open quantum systems, a quantum dynamical semigroup is family of quantum dynamical maps \phi_t on the space of density matrices indexed by a single time parameter t \ge 0 that obey the semigroup property
:\phi_s(\phi_t(\rho)) = \phi_(\rho) , \qquad t,s \ge 0.
A quantum dynamical semigroup is generated by a Lindblad superoperator. The generator can be obtained by
:\mathcal(\rho) = \mathrm_ \frac
which, by the linearity of \phi_t, is a linear superoperator. The semigroup can be recovered as
:\phi_(\rho) = e^ \phi_t(\rho).
==References==

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